Arrests of Chinese Scientists Highlight Biowarfare Threat to US
Prosecutor says alleged smuggling of fungus has been described as ‘potential agroterrorism weapon’
 
After deboarding his international flight in Detroit in July 2024, a Chinese molecular biologist headed to the U.S. Customs area where 3 officers discovered a wad of crumpled-up tissue in a small pocket of his backpack.
The tissue concealed a note in Chinese, and four clear plastic bags containing small reddish plant material, the complaint states.
Liu told them he was visiting his girlfriend in the United States on a B-2 tourist visa.
Initially, stating he did not know what the materials were and that someone must have put them in his bag. Eventually, he told them the materials were different strains of a toxic fungus known as Fusarium graminearum.
The fungus is a pathogen that could be used in agroterrorism—a form of biological warfare that targets food supply chains through the infection of major crops such as wheat, corn, and rice. It also produces toxins harmful to humans and livestock, making it a dual threat to food security and public health.
The discovery by Customs and Border Protection led to further investigation and eventually charges were filed against Liu and his girlfriend, Jian Yunqing
Just a week after the case made headlines, a similar scene played out at Detroit Metro Airport with a third Chinese scientist, Han Chengxuan, from China’s Huazhong University of Science and Technology in central China’s Wuhan city.
Han was accused of bringing in biological material from a roundworm. Like the other two Chinese nationals, she was attempting to conduct further research at a University of Michigan lab, according to a federal complaint.
Han allegedly admitted to shipping plasmids and petri dishes of C. elegans, which is a roundworm, to the Michigan lab from Huazhong University of Science and Technology before she arrived.
On June 8, she was charged with smuggling and making false statements.
Jian and Han will remain in custody after waiving their right to a hearing in separate court appearances in Detroit.
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